{"id":26528,"date":"2020-10-13T09:57:04","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T04:27:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astan.lk\/al_virtualclassroom\/?p=26528"},"modified":"2020-10-13T09:58:25","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T04:28:25","slug":"phylum-bryophyta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astan.lk\/al_virtualclassroom\/phylum-bryophyta\/","title":{"rendered":"Phylum Bryophyta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Phylum Bryophyta<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Especially common in moist terrestrial\u00a0 places<\/li>\n<li>No vascular tissue<\/li>\n<li>Gametophytes are dominant &amp; photosynthetic<\/li>\n<li>Homosporous<\/li>\n<li>External water is necessary for fertilization<\/li>\n<li>Seed less plants<\/li>\n<li>Do not bear flowers<\/li>\n<li>e.g;\u00a0<em>Marchantia<\/em>, Mosses- <em>Pogonatum<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Bryophytes are called\u00a0<strong>amphibians\u00a0<\/strong>of the\u00a0<strong>plant<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>kingdom<\/strong> because these\u00a0plants\u00a0though live in soil but they need water for sexual reproduction.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>The sperm of bryophyte (antherozoids) are flagellate and need water to swim to the eggs.<\/li>\n<li>None of the bryophytes are found in aquatic environment<\/li>\n<li>Have a special type of conducting system<\/li>\n<li>Sporophytes are parasites which totally depend on gametophyte<\/li>\n<li>Produce biflagellated spermatozoid<\/li>\n<li>Show heteromorphic alternation of generaion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>Marchantia<\/em> <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Flattened shape<\/li>\n<li>Grow parallel to the earth surface<\/li>\n<li>Yellowish green colour<\/li>\n<li>Thallus structure formed dorso \u2013 ventral<\/li>\n<li>Possess hexagonal arrangement on the dorsal surface<\/li>\n<li>In the middle of each hexagon there exist microscopic aero pores<\/li>\n<li>Known as liverworts<\/li>\n<li>Mid rib is found in the thallus<\/li>\n<li>Several gemma which involve in the asexual reproduction are found on the surface of thallus<\/li>\n<li>Rhizoids are found on the ventral surface<\/li>\n<li>Unisexual , dioecious<\/li>\n<li>In the tip of the thallus archegonia and antheridia could be seen which are attached to the thallus by stalk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>Poganatum<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Found in shady moist surface<\/li>\n<li>Possess pseudo leaf, pseudo stem and rhizoid<\/li>\n<li>Grow perpendicular to the earth surface<\/li>\n<li>Microscopic<\/li>\n<li>Greenish colour<\/li>\n<li>Unisexual, dioecious<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Features of Bryophyte which make it unsuitable for terrestrial environment<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cuticle absent<\/li>\n<li>Do not possess true root system and well developed conducting system (xylem and phloem)<\/li>\n<li>Supporting tissues are not developed<\/li>\n<li>External water is necessary for fertilization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"width: 493px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andrewspink.nl\/mosses\/pictures\/Marchantia%20polymorpha%208223.jpg\" alt=\"Image result\" width=\"493\" height=\"434\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marchantia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure style=\"width: 605px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a6\/Pogonatum_aloides_%28c%2C_150151-481738%29_2022.jpg\/1200px-Pogonatum_aloides_%28c%2C_150151-481738%29_2022.jpg\" alt=\"Image result\" width=\"605\" height=\"404\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poganatum<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phylum Bryophyta Especially common in moist terrestrial\u00a0 places No vascular tissue Gametophytes are dominant &amp; photosynthetic Homosporous External water is necessary for fertilization Seed less plants Do not bear flowers e.g;\u00a0Marchantia, Mosses- Pogonatum Bryophytes are called\u00a0amphibians\u00a0of the\u00a0plant\u00a0kingdom because these\u00a0plants\u00a0though live in soil but they need water for sexual reproduction. The sperm of bryophyte (antherozoids) are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":842,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,1243],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","category-bio-diversity"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Phylum Bryophyta - Learning &amp; Education Portal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/astan.lk\/al_virtualclassroom\/phylum-bryophyta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Phylum Bryophyta - Learning &amp; Education Portal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Phylum Bryophyta Especially common in moist terrestrial\u00a0 places No vascular tissue Gametophytes are dominant &amp; photosynthetic Homosporous External water is necessary for fertilization Seed less plants Do not bear flowers e.g;\u00a0Marchantia, Mosses- Pogonatum Bryophytes are called\u00a0amphibians\u00a0of the\u00a0plant\u00a0kingdom because these\u00a0plants\u00a0though live in soil but they need water for sexual reproduction. 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